What is the emphasis of eye disease screening for children at different ages？ Do myopia surgery？ Experts say this.
National Health Commission recently issued the "Standard for Eye Care and Vision Examination Services for Children Aged 0-6", and the relevant person in charge said that children’s eye and vision functions are gradually developed and matured, and screening at different ages has its own emphasis.
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Shen Haiping, deputy director of the Department of Women and Children of the National Health and Wellness Commission: Generally speaking, the vision of a 1-year-old child can reach 0.2, that of a 3-year-old child can reach 0.5 or more, and that of a 5-year-old and above can reach 0.8 or more, so the vision and visual function of a child are gradually developing. Therefore, it is very important to carry out eye care and vision examination services for children aged 0-6. By carrying out targeted examinations for children of different ages, we can screen and intervene blinding eye diseases, ametropia such as myopia and common eye diseases such as strabismus and amblyopia in children at an early stage. This plays an important role in protecting children’s eye health and preventing myopia.
In infancy, infancy and preschool, the focus of eye care is different. In infancy, that is, within one year old, eye care is mainly to screen children for congenital blinding diseases. For example, premature infants are prone to blinding retinopathy of prematurity, accounting for 10-20% of premature infants, which is the primary disease leading to blindness in children. Congenital cataract should also be screened in infancy, and the incidence rate is about 4/1000, accounting for about 30% of neonatal blinding eye diseases.
Childhood is 1-3 years old, and the focus of eye care is to screen strabismus, amblyopia and other related eye diseases. The prevalence of strabismus is 3%. Strabismus not only affects children’s appearance, but also leads to amblyopia, which affects children’s stereoscopic vision formation and career choice in adulthood. The prevalence of amblyopia is also relatively high, ranging from 1% to 5%. Many amblyopia children have no special abnormal performance and are often overlooked, so they need to be found through regular medical examinations.
Preschool, that is, 4-6 years old, the focus of eye care is to understand children’s vision and refractive state, and to prevent and control myopia. The key point of preventing and controlling myopia in preschool children is to prevent the stock of hyperopia from being consumed too early and too fast. Using medical instruments, we can detect children’s hyperopia reserve and predict whether children are likely to have myopia before the age of 6.
Expert tip: Three changes should be made in summer vision protection for children and adolescents.
Now it has entered the summer vacation. During the summer vacation, children use more electronic devices, which may increase the impact on their eyesight. Relevant experts reminded at the press conference of the National Health and Health Commission today that there should be three changes in summer vision protection for children and adolescents.
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Experts say that the first change is that "near" becomes "far". In school, it is inevitable that the eye load at close range is very heavy, so how far to look at it and how little to look at it in summer. The second is to change "static" into "dynamic". The third is to turn online games into outdoor games. Through this change, children’s eyes can be well relaxed in summer under the pressure of long-term close work throughout the semester. In particular, we must make use of outdoor activities in summer, so that children can fully relax their eyes through outdoor activities. In addition, experts advise parents to use the summer vacation to do related vision tests for their children’s eyes.
Wang Ningli, head of the National Technical Guidance Group for Prevention of Blindness: Especially children under 12 years old should be examined for ametropia and mydriasis. Take advantage of this holiday and have a good look at your child’s eyes. This time is completely available. Go to the hospital at the beginning of the holiday, make full preparations for mydriasis, and finish such a job in about two to three weeks. Of course, those who are close to or have high myopia must take advantage of this period to go to the hospital for a comprehensive eye examination.
Do myopia surgery? Expert: Grasp the indications.
Some nearsighted people want to have laser surgery to take off their glasses, including some high school students. Can students do myopia surgery? Experts say that it is necessary to grasp the indications, especially teenagers, and it is not suitable to do it before the eyes are still in the developmental stage and have not reached the stable stage.
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Wang Ningli, head of the National Technical Steering Group for Preventing Blindness: Corneal surgery is in the black eye, which is called cornea. Removing a convex lens by laser is equivalent to adding a concave lens. This corrective strategy has been applied in clinic for a long time. The safety of the operation itself is high and reliable. What are its risks? Everyone should be concerned about whether the indications are well mastered, what should be done can be done, and what should not be done should never be done.
Experts say that corneal refractive surgery is a corrective surgery rather than a therapeutic surgery. Refraction is corrected, and the fundus of myopia is still the fundus of myopia. From a medical point of view, some people can’t do laser surgery, for example, myopia is still progressing. You have hereditary keratopathy, and complications may occur after doing it. It is strictly forbidden to do it. There are still some people whose corneal thickness is too thin, which may affect their eye safety in the future and is not suitable for it.
Wang Ningli, head of the National Technical Guidance Group for Prevention of Blindness: Summer vacation is coming, and some high school students may consider whether to have surgery. There is a process of eye development. Generally, girls are about 18 years old, and eye development enters a stable period. Boys are a little later than girls and reach their twenties. The most important criterion is to look at the degree of the eyes, especially in the last two years, whether the degree of progress has exceeded 50 degrees every year. If it’s over 50 degrees, don’t do this operation, which means it’s still in progress.
Source: CCTV news client
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