[Global Vision]

　　 　There are many countries related to the "Belt and Road" construction, covering a vast area. Correspondingly, there are many types of natural disasters with high frequency, which causes great harm. International cooperation in natural disaster prevention and emergency management has therefore become an important part of the "Belt and Road" cooperation. On the occasion of the 10th anniversary of the "Belt and Road Initiative", reviewing and discussing how to promote the development of international cooperation in dealing with natural disasters in stages will certainly help to further enhance the functions of the "Belt and Road" international public goods and international cooperation platform.

　　Help each other in the same boat and strengthen cooperation

　　On the premise of respecting the differences and development stages of different countries, the "Belt and Road Initiative" actively provides diversified public goods to the international community and is committed to building an inclusive and equal platform for international cooperation. On the basis of adhering to the principle of mutual consultation, joint construction and sharing, the member countries of the Belt and Road Initiative have joined hands to meet all kinds of challenges, expand and develop new space, and actively build a new type of international relations and a community of human destiny. International cooperation in natural disaster prevention and emergency management is an important part of the "Belt and Road" construction, a vivid portrayal of the implementation of the "Belt and Road" initiative, and a proper move to realize China’s participation in global open cooperation, improve the global disaster management system, and promote global common development and prosperity.

　 Governments of countries related to the Belt and Road Initiative actively carry out high-level dialogues and consultations, actively formulate strategic plans for natural disaster response, and build cooperation mechanisms for natural disaster response. At present, the "One Belt, One Road" international cooperation mechanism for natural disaster prevention and emergency management advocated by China is one of the main mechanisms for the "One Belt, One Road" international cooperation in natural disaster response. The mechanism has adopted the Beijing Declaration on International Cooperation in Natural Disaster Prevention and Emergency Management along the Belt and Road, actively docked with international institutions and organizations such as the United Nations, participated in the World Conference on Disaster Reduction organized by the United Nations, and responded to international initiatives such as the United Nations 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, the Paris Agreement on Climate Change and the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction for 2015-2030. At the same time, China deepened its strategic cooperation with ASEAN and hosted the China — ASEAN Ministerial Meeting on Disaster Management to Promote the Establishment of ASEAN — China-Japan-ROK disaster management cooperation mechanism, China — The Central and Eastern Europe Emergency Management Cooperation Mechanism and the China-EU High-level Dialogue Mechanism on Disaster Reduction and Emergency Management respectively issued joint statements with Belarus, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan and other countries on strengthening cooperation in disaster prevention, mitigation and relief.

　　The common ways of cooperation in dealing with natural disasters in countries related to the "Belt and Road" include international rescue, scientific research cooperation and resource sharing. In 2023, 50 countries related to the Belt and Road Initiative, including China, Pakistan, Russian Federation and the Philippines, sent over 2,300 rescuers to carry out international rescue for the Turkish earthquake, and rescued over 60 survivors. At present, the Belt and Road International Alliance of Scientific Organizations (ANSO) has deployed more than 100 scientific and educational cooperation projects in relevant countries and regions. In 2017, China Academy of Sciences launched the research project "Natural Disaster Risk Assessment and Mitigation Countermeasures in China-Pakistan Economic Corridor" to promote disaster prevention and mitigation in China-Pakistan Economic Corridor. In 2019, China Academy of Sciences and Pakistan Higher Education Commission jointly established the China-Pakistan Earth Science Research Center. In 2021, at the request of the Geographic Information and Space Technology Development Bureau of Thailand, the National Remote Sensing Center of the Ministry of Science and Technology of China launched the GEO disaster data emergency response mechanism in China to provide disaster data and information for severe floods in Thailand.

　　Development achievements and main challenges

　　In order to expand the scope and depth of "One Belt, One Road" international cooperation in natural disaster prevention and emergency management, and enhance the motivation and level of "One Belt, One Road" international cooperation in natural disaster prevention and emergency management, China has signed a number of international cooperation documents on emergency management in the field of natural disasters with many countries and international organizations, and achieved international cooperation in emergency management at the strategic level through signing agreements and issuing joint statements. In recent years, China and ASEAN have approved the China-ASEAN Disaster Management Work Plan (2021-2025) in order to jointly plan the future disaster management cooperation between China and ASEAN, and established the China-ASEAN ministerial conference mechanism on disaster management to jointly improve the prevention and control capabilities of natural disasters and make positive contributions to building a community of Asian and human destiny; The disaster management departments of six countries (namely, China, Cambodia, Laos, Myanmar, Thailand and Viet Nam) issued a joint statement on deepening disaster management cooperation under the cooperation framework of Lancang-Mekong River, exploring the establishment of a cooperation mechanism for disaster management in Lancang-Mekong River, deepening cooperation in the fields of risk assessment, early warning and monitoring, prevention and mitigation, disaster preparedness and response, and resilience recovery, and promoting China — ASEAN disaster management cooperation has achieved more results and helped countries implement the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015-2030; China and Belarus, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan and other countries have continuously deepened cooperation in the field of emergency management under the framework of the Belt and Road Initiative.Work together to improve the level of emergency management in the fields of disaster prevention, mitigation and relief, safe and green production and emergency rescue.

　　In recent years, in order to improve the ability of countries and regions related to the Belt and Road Initiative to prevent and resolve natural disasters, China has carried out project cooperation with many countries and assisted in the construction of high-tech early warning systems, effectively improving the accuracy of natural disaster monitoring and early warning in countries and regions along the route. In 2016, the Seismological Bureau of Guangdong, China Province took the lead in implementing the "One Belt, One Road" seismic monitoring network project in Southeast Asia, and assisted the seismic network centers in Thailand, Laos, Myanmar and Malaysia, effectively improving the seismic monitoring capacity in Southeast Asia and promoting the cooperation between China and ASEAN countries in earthquake prevention and disaster reduction; China cooperated with Mozambique in telecom operators’ projects and provided Fengyun meteorological satellite products to the country. With the satellite data of high-frequency observation, the monitoring and early warning efficiency of natural disasters in Mozambique was improved. In order to break the barrier of meteorological data, China has provided Fengyun meteorological satellite to 121 countries and regions, so as to open the data to domestic and foreign users free of charge in real time, which has provided strong technical support for global meteorological forecasting and natural disaster response.

　　Under the framework of "One Belt, One Road" international cooperation in natural disaster prevention and emergency management, China actively organized and participated in joint disaster relief exercises and international humanitarian rescue operations. China has successively undertaken and participated in the joint disaster relief exercises of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization and the ASEAN Regional Forum, etc. Through the simulation of natural disaster emergency rescue scenes with complete elements and high fidelity, the ability and level of joint command, close cooperation, high coordination and efficient rescue in multinational cooperation have been exercised, demonstrated, evaluated and improved. China’s international rescue teams have rushed to Algeria, Iran, Indonesia, Pakistan, Nepal, Turkey and other countries for on-the-spot rescue of natural disasters, which is not only a vivid manifestation of international cooperation in natural disaster prevention and emergency management among countries related to the Belt and Road Initiative, but also a powerful manifestation of practicing the humanitarian spirit and the concept of a community of human destiny.

　　At the same time, we must see that the "Belt and Road" international cooperation in natural disaster prevention and emergency management still faces many practical challenges. Especially in the international situation of accelerated evolution in the past century, the intensified political game among big countries has made the international cooperation environment complex and changeable. The problem of pan-politicization and pan-security of political groups led by the United States is serious. Military actions and sanctions taken in the name of threatening geopolitical security objectively hinder the cooperation of natural disasters in countries related to the Belt and Road Initiative. Before the earthquake in February this year, 90% of the population in northwest Syria needed humanitarian assistance. The long-term sanctions imposed by the United States not only seriously weakened Syria’s ability to provide disaster relief, but also hindered the entry of rescue teams and materials from other countries, making it impossible to get international assistance in time.

　　It has become a top priority to build an international legal system to deal with natural disasters. At present, most of the documents on international cooperation in dealing with natural disasters in countries related to the Belt and Road Initiative are declarations, statements and memorandums of understanding that are not legally binding in the sense of international law. There are few actual legally binding documents such as the ASEAN Disaster Management and Emergency Response Agreement, which regulates natural disaster emergency cooperation, which affects the division of rights and obligations of countries, the design of action procedures and the legal basis and effectiveness of conflict resolution to some extent. The "One Belt, One Road" research on the judicial demand and judicial policy of natural disaster response cooperation is insufficient as a whole, and there is still a lack of corresponding judicial interpretation and case guidance in domestic law systems of various countries, and there is also a clear shortage of internationally recognized enforcement cases. Different countries have different legal systems and different trial modes, so it is difficult to deal with the judicial problems that may arise from cross-border natural disaster emergency management cooperation, such as the failure of States parties to fulfill their assistance obligations and the illegal mobilization of rescue forces between countries. Therefore, it is urgent to build a specialized judicial institution and judicial procedure for international cooperation in natural disaster prevention and emergency management in the "Belt and Road" and properly handle it according to the rules and regulations within the framework of international law.

　　Further solidly promote international cooperation.

　　It is the general trend of international cooperation to strengthen the infrastructure construction, mechanism construction, rule of law construction, trust construction and talent construction of the "Belt and Road" natural disaster prevention and emergency management.

　　Strengthen infrastructure construction. First, promote basic cooperation in emergency response. Countries should give full play to their different advantages in infrastructure and technical equipment, provide public goods and services for disaster prevention, mitigation and relief to relevant countries, drive relevant countries to build supporting infrastructure for disaster prevention and mitigation by investing in major projects, and advocate relevant countries to build resilient cities to enhance their disaster-bearing capacity and resilience. Second, to promote cooperation in emergency industries, we can jointly build international demonstration bases and international gathering areas for emergency industries, build regional innovation centers and achievement transformation centers for emergency industries, speed up the formulation, improvement and convergence of international standards for emergency industries, and promote cooperation in emergency industries in relevant countries through international exchanges, cooperative research and development of emergency products, and international investment and financing for emergency industries. Third, promote emergency science and education cooperation, which can actively promote the exchange of emergency culture among relevant countries, promote the research on the relationship between culture and prevention of natural disasters, and advocate the popularization of scientific emergency concepts on the basis of respecting multiculturalism; We will promote the establishment of an international platform for scientific and technological cooperation in geological and climate observation in the Belt and Road Initiative, promote key countries to carry out surveys on basic data of pregnant disaster environment and disasters to comprehensively assess disaster risks, and assist them to discuss and formulate disaster prevention and preparedness strategies according to the results of disaster risk judgment.

　　Strengthen the mechanism construction. First, formulate specific supporting policies as soon as possible, which can further promote the "Belt and Road" international cooperation mechanism for natural disaster prevention and emergency management, improve the articles of association of the cooperation mechanism, and implement the substantive operational framework; Promote countries to formulate operational guidelines and action plans based on the Beijing Declaration on International Cooperation in Natural Disaster Prevention and Emergency Management of the Belt and Road, and improve and refine the specific cooperation methods and contents in disaster prevention, disaster response and post-disaster reconstruction. Second, make full use of the mechanism to coordinate international cooperation. We can improve and make full use of the articles of association, operational framework and coordinator meeting system of the "Belt and Road" international cooperation mechanism for natural disaster prevention and emergency management as soon as possible, form cooperative and complementary relations with other existing cooperation mechanisms, and build a general platform for international cooperation in natural disaster prevention and emergency management. Strengthen the docking of emergency management strategies, plans and mechanisms of relevant countries, promote mutual recognition of standards and rules, coordinate joint action of major natural disaster reduction and relief, cross-border disaster information sharing and international rescue, coordinate the cooperation of governments, enterprises, social organizations and civil emergency forces along the route, and promote the establishment of the "Belt and Road" natural disaster emergency fund by international financial institutions such as the AIIB.

　　Strengthen the construction of the rule of law. First, promote the establishment of the "One Belt, One Road" international emergency cooperation rule of law platform, which can promote relevant countries to jointly establish the "One Belt, One Road" international emergency cooperation rule of law coordination dialogue mechanism and platform, actively lead the discussion and formulation of relevant legal rules, seek the greatest common denominator among different legal systems and legal rules, jointly improve the procedures for international assistance for natural disasters, emergency forces and fund mobilization, and speed up the introduction of the "One Belt, One Road" natural disaster emergency cooperation with international legal effect. The second is to promote the establishment of the "Belt and Road" international emergency court, deeply study the legal requirements and judicial standards in the "Belt and Road" natural disaster emergency cooperation, analyze and judge the commonalities and universality of relevant judicial practices, speed up the formulation of judicial procedures for emergency cooperation that are generally recognized, accepted and observed by all countries, pay attention to the application and promotion of international dispute mediation and adjudication, civil and commercial dispute arbitration and other common dispute resolution mechanisms, promote the resolution of contradictions and disputes in emergency cooperation, and provide better legal services and judicial guarantees.

　　Strengthen trust building. First, strengthen international dialogue and communication. It is urgent for all countries to advocate a new concept of security, strengthen official dialogue and communication, promote the negotiation and signing of cooperation documents, enhance political mutual trust, and reduce the negative impact of geopolitical risks on natural disaster response cooperation. We can make full use of the platform of co-chairs of the APEC Disaster Preparedness Working Group, actively participate in international conferences such as the Asia-Pacific Ministerial Conference on Disaster Reduction, the meeting of leaders of emergency relief departments of Shanghai Cooperation Organization member countries, and the China-Japan-ROK Ministerial Conference on Disaster Management, and further promote the international cooperation mechanism of the Belt and Road Initiative on natural disaster prevention and emergency management with the United Nations Office for Disaster Reduction, the International Civil Defence Organization, the Asian Disaster Preparedness Center, the Shanghai Cooperation Organization, the BRICS countries, the ASEAN-China-Japan-ROK disaster management cooperation mechanism, and the China-EU high-level dialogue mechanism on disaster reduction and The second is to enhance people-to-people exchanges and mutual trust, actively explore various levels and rich forms of international media presentations, and enhance people’s trust in the reciprocal norms of the international cooperation mechanism for natural disaster prevention and emergency management in the Belt and Road Initiative; Actively build a platform for non-governmental exchanges, cultivate non-governmental diplomatic organizations, and attract more non-governmental subjects to participate in the "Belt and Road" natural disaster response cooperation.

　　Strengthen the construction of talents. First, promote international cooperation in personnel training. We can build a "One Belt, One Road" university alliance for natural disaster response personnel training in conjunction with relevant countries, strengthen the construction of emergency disciplines and joint technical research, promote international students, exchange students and joint schools in disaster prevention and mitigation, and build various emergency personnel training bases and exchange platforms such as transnational (border) rescue capabilities. The second is to promote international cooperation in the use of talents. We can build a "One Belt, One Road" natural disaster response talent database in conjunction with relevant countries, maintain dynamic updating and structural optimization of talent data, grasp the overall talent demand and gap in regional natural disaster response, promote the opening of employment channels for international or regional organizations, and promote the interoperability and accurate allocation of emergency talent information resources in various countries. The third is to promote international cooperation in talent development. It is possible to establish an international professional honor system of "One Belt, One Road" natural disaster response talents in conjunction with relevant countries, enhance the level of awards, manifest official recognition and form an international atmosphere; Create an international talent highland and talent distribution center for cooperation in natural disaster prevention and emergency management, and optimize the growth level and ecological circle of emergency talent development in an all-round way.

　　(Author: Ma Haiyun, Professor of School of Emergency Management, Nanjing University of Technology)

　　CCTV News:According to the website of the Health Planning Commission, a few days ago, the Health Planning Commission released "Notice on Printing and Distributing the Contents and Related Matters of the National Training and Skills Competition for Grass-roots Health Posts (hereinafter referred to as the Notice), which proposes to carry out the National Training and Skills Competition for Grass-roots Health Posts, and makes specific provisions on the contents and forms of the competition.

　　Full text of the Notice:

　　Grassroots departments of health and family planning commissions of all provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government, and grassroots departments of Health Bureau of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps:

　　In order to carry out the national training and skill competition activities in grass-roots health posts, mobilize the enthusiasm of grass-roots medical and health professionals, encourage them to study hard, improve their theoretical level and medical service ability, fully show the good mental outlook, professional quality and social image of grass-roots medical and health professionals who are willing to take root at the grass-roots level and serve the masses, and realize the purpose of promoting learning through training and promoting competition. After discussion and research by experts, and soliciting opinions from various sides, we hereby notify the contents and related matters of the national training and skill competition for grass-roots health posts as follows:

　　I. On-the-job Training and Skills Competition Objectives

　　Through on-the-job training and skill competition activities, primary health professionals and technicians can master the basic theories, knowledge and skills of common diseases, frequently-occurring diseases and chronic diseases with definite diagnosis, further improve the management level of basic medical care and basic public health services, comprehensively improve the comprehensive quality of primary health personnel, and be competent for graded diagnosis and treatment, and the comprehensive service ability of primary diagnosis and treatment.

　　II. Contents of on-the-job training and skill competition (see Annexes 1 and 2 for details)

　　(1) Medical and health-related laws and regulations

　　1 "People’s Republic of China (PRC) infectious disease prevention and control law" (Presidential DecreeNo. seventeenth)

　　2 "Emergency Regulations on Public Health Emergencies" (DecreeNo. 376th of the State Council)

　　3. Measures for the Management of Medical Wastes in Medical and Health Institutions (Decree No.36 of the Ministry of Health)

　　4 "Prescription Management Measures" (Decree No.53 of the Ministry of Health)

　　5. Basic Specification for Medical Record Writing (No.11 [2010] of Wei Yi Zheng Fa)

　　6. National Basic Public Health Service Standard (2011 Edition) (Wei Fu She Fa [2011] No.38)

　　7. Basic Requirements for Hospital Infection Management in Primary Medical Institutions (Guo Wei Ban Yi Fa [2013] No.40)

　　8. Guiding Principles for Clinical Application of Antibacterials (No.43 [2015] of Guo Wei Ban Yi Fa)

　　(2) Professional knowledge

　　1. General practice: including the basic theory of general practice, general practice-related knowledge and skills, basic public health-related knowledge and skills, etc. Emphasis is placed on the general practice concept of people-oriented and continuous care, and the general practice clinical thinking method is used to provide health management with prevention and treatment combined with general practitioners as the main body.

　　2. Community nursing: including the basic theory and working methods of community nursing and related knowledge of community nursing. Emphasize the holistic nursing concept of people-oriented, use the working method of nursing procedure, and provide team service combining prevention and treatment.

　　3. General practice team: including general practice, community nursing and basic public health. Focus on assessing the team members’ ability of division of labor and cooperation in work practice, comprehensive service ability of combining prevention and treatment, and health management ability of residents.

　　(3) Operational skills

　　1. General practice: including the basic skills and operations that general practitioners must master in medical and health services, first-aid skills, interpretation of commonly used laboratories and auxiliary examination results, analysis of comprehensive diseases (cases), etc., highlighting the clinical thinking of general practitioners, embodying humanistic care, and requiring standardized and skilled operation techniques.

　　2. Community nursing: including the basic skills, basic operation and first aid skills that community nurses must master in medical and health services. Highlight the holistic nursing concept and clinical thinking, embody humanistic care, and require standardized and skilled operation technology.

　　3. General practice team: including general practice, community nursing and basic public health, focusing on the comprehensive disposal and operation ability, communication ability and humanistic care ability of all members of the team.

　　Third, the national skills competition form

　　(1) Individual rematch

　　1. Comprehensive examination. The questions include multiple-choice questions and multiple-choice questions, which are conducted in the form of paper-and-pencil exams and divided into projects. The written test time is 60 minutes.

　　2. Operational skills. Urban general practice, rural general practice and community nursing are divided into projects, and the assessment time for each contestant is about 30 minutes, and the assessment content is determined by drawing lots.

　　3. Knowledge quiz. Questions include required questions, scrambled questions and risk questions. It is divided into projects, each lasting about 30 minutes. The 32 participating teams were divided into 4 groups, with 8 teams in each group, which were held simultaneously in 4 sub-fields.

　　(2) individual finals

　　The top 8 contestants in the individual semi-finals enter the individual finals and are divided into projects. The form of the competition is knowledge quiz. Questions include required questions, scrambled questions and risk questions. The time is about 45 minutes.

　　(3) Team rematch

　　1. Operational skills. Participate as a team. Draw lots to determine the entry order and assessment content. The assessment time for each team is about 45 minutes.

　　2. Knowledge quiz. The questions include compulsory questions, scramble questions and risk questions, and the competition time is about 60 minutes. Participate as a team. The 32 participating teams were divided into 4 groups, with 8 teams in each group, which were held simultaneously in 4 sub-fields.

　　(IV) Team Finals

　　The top 8 teams in the team semi-finals entered the team finals. The form of competition is situation reproduction and knowledge quiz (including operation skills). The situation reappearance time is about 4 minutes for each team; The knowledge contest type includes compulsory questions, scramble questions and risk questions, and the time is about 30 minutes.

　　Four, the national skills competition proposition principle and bibliography

　　(A) the principle of proposition

　　1. The content of the competition is in accordance with national laws and regulations and relevant technical specifications of the industry.

　　2. Highlight the characteristics of basic general practice and community nursing.

　　3. Combination of prevention and treatment, integration of traditional Chinese and western medicine.

　　4. Based on the work needs of grass-roots posts, examine the contents that should be known.

　　5. Pay attention to the ability to solve common problems in work.

　　6. The difficulty of content examination should take into account regional and urban-rural differences.

　　(2) Bibliography

　　1. General practice

　　(1) General Medicine (Liang Wannian, edited by Lu Xiaoqin. People’s Medical Publishing House, 2013)

　　(2) Training the Clinical Ability of General Practitioners (edited by Zhu Yuanzhu. People’s Health Publishing House, 2012)

　　(3) Basic Practice of General Practitioners (edited by Du Xueping and Xi Biao. People’s Health Publishing House, 2013)

　　(4) National Technical Specification for Basic Public Health Services (edited by Qin Huaijin and Chen Bowen. People’s Health Publishing House, 2012).

　　(5) Medical Clinical "Three Basics" Training-Physician Volume (Fourth Edition) (edited by Wu Zhongqi. Hunan Science and Technology Press, 2009)

　　2. Community nursing

　　(1) Practical Community Nursing (Du Xueping, edited by Wang Yongli. People’s Medical Publishing House, 2012)

　　(2) Adult Nursing (2nd Edition) (edited by Guo Aimin and Zhou Lanshu. People’s Health Publishing House, 2012)

　　(3) Clinical Nursing Practice Guide (2011 Edition) (Ministry of Health, edited by the Ministry of Health of the General Logistics Department. People’s Military Medical Publishing House, 2011)

　　(4) National Technical Specification for Basic Public Health Services (edited by Qin Huaijin and Chen Bowen. People’s Health Publishing House, 2012).

　　Five, the national skills competition score

　　(A) individual competition score

　　The total score of individual semi-finals is composed of three parts: comprehensive examination, operation skills and knowledge quiz, which are converted into a percentage system and added according to the score ratio of 30%, 40% and 30%. The total score of individual finals consists of 30% of the comprehensive test score (100%), 40% of the operation skill score (100%) and 30% of the knowledge quiz score (100%).

　　(2) Scores for group competitions

　　The total score of the team semi-finals consists of two parts: operation skills and knowledge quiz, which are converted into a percentage system and added according to the score ratio of 50% and 50%. The total score of the team finals consists of three parts: the performance of the operation skills of the team semi-finals, the reappearance of the situation of the team finals and the knowledge quiz of the team finals. After conversion into a percentage system, it is composed of the scores of 40%, 10% and 50%.

　　(three) the scoring priority rules when the competition results are tied.

　　When the total scores of individual or group semi-finals are tied, the top players or teams are determined according to the level of individual scores of comprehensive examination, operation skills and knowledge quiz. If you still can’t decide, the top players or teams will be produced through extra tests. When the total scores of individual or team finals are tied, the top players or teams will be produced by on-site additional tests. The score of the play-off topic is only used for sorting, and is not included in the total score of individual or group rematch and final.

　　VI. Others

　　(1) The office of the organizing committee shall be responsible for the interpretation of the rules of training and skill competition in grass-roots health posts nationwide.

　　(2) According to the activity plan, if the provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) do not carry out on-the-job training and organize skill competitions, and directly team up to participate in the national skill competition, the evaluation results of local organization work will be cancelled and informed criticism will be given. The qualification of the contestants shall be reviewed by the health and family planning commissions of the provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) in conjunction with the Federation of Trade Unions. Once fraud is found, the qualifications and competition results will be cancelled and informed criticism will be given.

　　(3) The office of the National Organizing Committee for Training and Skills Competition in Grass-roots Health Posts does not provide a unified question bank, a unified distribution of reference books and mold information.

　　Attachment: 1. National General Medical Program for Training and Skills Competition in Grassroots Health Posts.

　　2. National community nursing program for training and skill competition in grass-roots health posts.

　　3. The specific schedule of the rematch and final of the national grass-roots health skill competition

　　National grass-roots health post training and skill competition activities organizing Committee office

　　(seal)

　　September 20, 2016

　　Please refer to the website of the Health Planning Commission for relevant information.

Wen | Zhao Erba Dao

The coming year of 2022 is the blowout year of short plays.

Short plays have sprung up in the whole content market, and short plays on various platforms have sprung up like mushrooms after rain. However, when the market broke out, we can also see that there is a serious problem of homogenization in short plays on major platforms.

Opportunities and challenges coexist, and some short plays seek innovation and change in themes and types, which bring better content experience to the audience. Take the short play "A pair of embroidered shoes", which was popular in Youku recently, as an example, it combines the unique rhythm of short play with the unique charm of suspense drama, and has been loved by quite a few viewers. This suspense short play can be said to be a rare masterpiece, no matter from the storyline, the design of people, and the quality control of the details such as the service road.

A pair of embroidered shoes, from the beginning, determined the highly suspenseful tone of the play.

At the beginning of the series, with the cooperation of the narration "Mid-Autumn Festival on July 15th, 16th year of the Republic of China", the first "exciting point" was given to the audience on the screen. Yiya’s lyrics are matched with the female dramatist with strange makeup. The ghost play staged on the Mid-Autumn Festival seems to be used to by everyone in prison except the people in front of the screen. This kind of overlapping buff narrative undoubtedly brings a strong psychological impact to the audience.

Suspense is the only rule to attract the audience in A Pair of Embroidered Shoes. The first appearance of "a pair of embroidered shoes" in the play triggered a murder case: Shen Jinlan, the wife of the warden who had an affair, saw it, her hands were nailed and her mouth was sewn. The bizarre murder case attracted the protagonist of the play, Qiao Heng, a police officer sent by the provincial capital, which also triggered a series of mysterious and bizarre events.

Under the fast-paced narrative, the protagonist of the justice representative draws a gun and shoots directly at the detained suspect deputy warden at the end of the first episode-is it to kill people? Or is there another plan? Let the audience be curious about how the follow-up series will develop.

In the second episode, Qiao Heng went to Shenyang in Pinghe Town to investigate the case, and all kinds of people in Shenyang began to appear one after another. Later, Yang Bing, a journalist who is also pursuing the truth, appeared. Together, they went through one scary and mysterious case after another, such as "embroidered shoes female ghost killing", "washing women to beg for children", "the first seven fright" and "driving out corpses", and they were getting closer and closer to uncovering the truth of Pinghe Town’s sin.

Qiao Heng and Yang Bing, the two protagonists, are the main lines connecting each unit in series in A Pair of Embroidered Shoes. Of course, there is another point. Although both of them are pursuing the truth, the identities, backgrounds and goals of the two protagonists are actually very different, so they also have their own persistence, and their conflicts are supported by emotional and practical factors, which makes it easier for the audience to substitute.

The story moves forward quickly, and it turns out to be unexpected, giving the audience a more confusing feeling. As a suspense drama, the sense of rhythm is quite attractive. The length of each feature film of A Pair of Embroidered Shoes is about 8 minutes, but the content and energy of each episode are meaningful, and many clues are buried in the limited space. The innovative "Rashomon" narrative and "Wolf Man Killing" narrative explore the possibility of more suspense narrative under the limitation of short drama duration.

Taking the case of the female ghost with embroidered shoes in Unit 1 as an example, through the investigation process of Qiao Heng and Yang Bing, as well as the promotion of the troupe master, the warden, the Shenyang gentleman and the housekeeper, Chang Qingqing and other perspectives, the truth of the female ghost is gradually revealed. This kind of "Rashomon" narrative increases the sense of suspense, and also allows each character to have his own perspective and increase the visibility.

In the second unit, "Washing Women for Children", the "werewolf killing" narrative is also eye-catching. The three wives of the Shen family have different backgrounds, personalities and pursuits. In the process of the three wives from denying the truth to admitting that they conspired to kill the Shenyang gentleman, the evil of the Shenyang family began to surface, and the transformation of the identity cards of "good guys" and "bad guys" also made many viewers cry.

A pair of embroidered shoes, which is a combination of centralized folklore, suspense investigation and female emotional core, has a wonderful overall narrative mode and plot advancement. Of course, it can be regarded as a short drama with suspenseful quality by the market, and it is also inseparable from the high requirements of the producers in production.

Mystery drama, how can it be considered good?

In addition to the logic and high-energy rhythm of the story, details are essential for the audience. Before the truth appeared, the audience, like the protagonist, reasoned and searched according to the details of the drama. If the details are not equal, it is inevitable that there will be an embarrassing situation of "no evidence". In "A pair of embroidered shoes", it is not difficult to see the outstanding presentation of various details, which is also the producer’s "effort" in creating a sense of suspense atmosphere.

Each unit will unlock the corresponding new scene, the ghost stage of the first unit case, the scenery of the pear garden and the warden’s office; The second unit, the Shen family’s deep house compound, ancestral hall, etc., are presented in the picture in line with the plot. In the preparatory stage of these scenes, corresponding art renderings are also prepared, which is very valuable in short plays. The restoration degree of the scenery restores the sense of atmosphere and suspense of the times as much as possible:

In addition to the scenery on the screen, the shape is also very close to the person. Considering the special background of the Republic of China, police officer Qiao Heng went into battle with a western-style vest, while Pinghe town’s local strongman Shen Jia’s robe, jacket and cheongsam, with Chinese style, were quite distinctive. In the play, the original version of the opera is also selected for the costume modeling of the female hanging part; The hair styles and makeup of three wives from different backgrounds, which are composed, charming and simple, are first shown in the shape;

In this suspense short play, Chinese customs can be described as a bright embellishment. "A pair of embroidered shoes" has a unique presentation in each unit combined with the case. Ghost marriage, ghost begging, washing women, etc. are all drama elements that strongly stimulate the audience. It is reported that in preparation, in order to better present on the screen, the producer has also prepared a detailed split-shot plan.

Although it is a mini-short play, A Pair of Embroidered Shoes has achieved quality presentation in the scene, modeling, props and other visual aspects, and with the logical high-energy plot, it has ensured the audience’s sense of experience in watching the play to the greatest extent.

In addition to creating a sense of atmosphere, many roles are also impressive. Due to the innate conditions of the limited short play, although there are not many familiar actors in the play, each role is remarkable. From the beginning, the protagonist Qiao Heng insisted on searching for evidence in the embroidered shoes case with the character image of "not believing in evil" to restore the truth of the matter; But at the same time, he also has shortcomings. In the second unit, he underestimated the evil of the Shenyang family, which caused three wives to be killed in the pig cage. But with the development and deepening of the plot, we can also see that the protagonist is growing and changing, and there is a "character arc".

Other roles are also full, such as Su Hongyu, a female ghost with embroidered shoes, which combines the identity of the victim and the murderer, which is very sympathetic. From the terrible female ghost to the infatuated girl, she has also been recognized by many audiences; Seemingly harmless to people and animals, he is the warden of Nuo Nuo in front of Shenyang, and the image of green tea is very typical. For example, the three Mrs. Shen, who appeared in the second unit, are not only the victims of washing women but also the real murderers of the kid murder case under the "werewolf killing" narrative-the shaping of these roles and the reversal of the characters make the story of the drama more smooth and the high-density content better presented.

The actor’s online acting skills, sincere details and suspense of the plot all make "A pair of embroidered shoes" a conscience work at the end of the short play track.

In 2022, the short play was in an explosive situation. According to the official data of the State Administration of Radio, Film and Television (SARFT), in the first half of this year alone, there were 2,859 mini-dramas planned and filed in the SARFT system, with a total of 69,234 episodes, a 10-fold year-on-year increase. But at the same time, the development of short plays is short, the works are mixed, and the themes are quite concentrated. According to the third-party data, the love theme represented by sweet pet drama accounts for more than 70% of the short drama market, which can be said to be "the only one".

It is indeed an important topic in the industry to attract audiences with short plays with minority themes represented by suspense. A pair of embroidered shoes tells the story well in a short drama series, enhances the texture of the drama series through details, creates an attractive sense of suspense, and achieves a breakthrough in word-of-mouth in many short dramas, largely because it brings many "fresh" and "curious" impressions to the audience.

Suspense theme is suitable for short plays not only because of sensory stimulation and brain burning pleasure, but also because of its unique narrative style and visualization. Judging from the final presentation and broadcast effect of the series, A pair of embroidered shoes created by Youku and Wannian Pictures has taken a solid step in the exploration of suspense short plays.

This also gives a more positive signal to the short play market. If short plays want to have more room for development, they need more themes and their quality must be improved.

On the other hand, a pair of embroidered shoes, in the form of ultra-short drama, has made a breakthrough in the suspense theme of a small group, which has also greatly broadened the track space of short drama and provided the audience with a brand-new drama experience.

From 2020 to now, Youku has launched a total of 492 short plays, accounting for half of the total market. In terms of themes, Youku short plays have gained a lot in such diverse themes as family marriage, women in ancient costumes, urban love and so on, represented by The Deadly Housewife and The Maid. The suspense theme of the Republic of China also made a good start for the platform to broaden the content boundary.

Summary:

The year 2022, when the short play broke out, is about to pass, and a pair of embroidered shoes, which is full of suspense, is about to usher in the final ending, and the truth of a series of strange cases in Pinghe Town will surface. The good performance of the play has also made Youku have a good harvest in the exploration of suspense short plays; In the fiery field of short drama, it is necessary for the platform to take root in the short drama track to lead the development of genre, find a breakthrough and promote quality content. It can be predicted that the short drama track in 2023, with the help of Youku and other platforms, will definitely bring more excellent works with more themes and better quality to the market.

* Original article, please indicate the source when reprinting.

　　At 9:00 on June 7th, the college entrance examination was held for the first time after the "Class B Management" in COVID-19. In 2023, the number of applicants for the national college entrance examination was 12.91 million, an increase of 980,000 over last year and a record high.

　　The national unified examination will be held from June 7 to June 8, and the specific subject examination schedule is: Chinese from 9: 00 to 11: 30 on June 7; 15:00-17:00 Math. On June 8, 9:00-11:30, liberal arts comprehensive/science comprehensive; 15:00-17:00 foreign language, if there is a foreign language listening test, it should be arranged before the written foreign language test begins.

　　Some provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) also arranged examination subjects on June 9 and 10 due to different examination subjects.

　　In view of the first college entrance examination in COVID-19 after the "Class B and Class B Management", the Ministry of Education made it clear that the requirements of "Class B and Class B Management" should be accurately implemented, the scheme plan should be improved, examination rooms should be set according to different candidates’ situations, spare examination rooms and staff should be prepared, the health of candidates and staff should be well monitored before the exam, the epidemic prevention measures should be refined, and the epidemic prevention requirements for the exam should be issued in time. From all over the country, the relevant departments of many provinces and cities have made it clear that candidates in ordinary examination rooms can decide whether to wear masks after entering the examination room.

　　In this year’s college entrance examination, the Ministry of Education stressed that cracking down on exam fraud should be the top priority, and all localities should be encouraged to actively equip themselves with "intelligent security gates". The Paper noted that this year, many college entrance examination sites were equipped with the "intelligent security gate" for the first time.

　　In the past three years, the number of applicants nationwide has continued to increase, reaching a new high this year.

　　According to the data released by the Ministry of Education, in the past three years, the number of applicants for the national college entrance examination has continued to grow, reaching a record high this year.

　　In 2021, the number of applicants for the national college entrance examination was 10.78 million, an increase of 70,000 over the previous year. In 2022, a total of 11.93 million people registered for the college entrance examination, an increase of 1.15 million over the previous year. In 2023, the number of applicants for the national college entrance examination was 12.91 million, an increase of 980,000 over the previous year.

　　Against the background that the number of applicants for the national college entrance examination has reached a record high, the number of applicants for the college entrance examination in several provinces has also reached a new high this year.

　　According to the data released by Shandong Education Examinations Institute, in 2023, there were 980,000 candidates for the college entrance examination in Shandong Province, including 260,000 in spring and 720,000 in summer. There were 670,000 candidates taking the unified examination for the summer college entrance examination, an increase of 70,000 over 2022.

　　According to Hebei Daily, 862,000 people registered for the college entrance examination in Hebei Province in 2023, an increase of 109,000 over the previous year. In addition to the candidates who were admitted to higher vocational colleges in the early stage, there will be 615,400 candidates taking the unified examination.

　　According to the data of Hunan Education Examinations Institute, in 2023, the number of applicants for the college entrance examination in Hunan Province totaled 684,000, an increase of 29,000 over the previous year, and the number of applicants reached a new high. Among them, the number of applicants for the general college entrance examination was 509,700, an increase of 12,700 over the previous year; The number of applicants for the counterpart entrance examination was 166,900, an increase of 14,900 over the previous year; The number of other candidates such as the juvenile class is about 0.74 million, which is basically the same as that of the previous year. Except for those who walk students, enroll students separately in higher vocational colleges and other candidates who do not take the unified examination, the number of candidates who actually take the unified college entrance examination in the province is 477,700, an increase of 12,500 over the previous year.

　　According to the data of the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Admissions Examination Institute, the number of applicants for the college entrance examination in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region this year reached more than 460,000, an increase of more than 20,000 over last year, with a year-on-year increase of 5.5%. The number of candidates has increased significantly for eight consecutive years.

　　According to the data released by Shaanxi Education Examinations Institute, in 2023, there were 336,798 college entrance examinations in Shaanxi, an increase of 13,741 over last year. Among them, 73,588 students were enrolled in the pre-vocational classified examination, 54 students were enrolled in the single fire-fighting recruitment examination, and 263,156 students actually took the college entrance examination, including 252,079 students who took the unified examination and 11,077 students who took the separate entrance examination for vocational education in colleges and universities.

　　According to the data of Ningxia Education Examinations Institute, there are 71,672 candidates taking the general college entrance examination in Ningxia, an increase of 5,978 over 2022, with an increase of 9.1%.

　　According to China Youth Daily, in 2023, the number of people taking the college entrance examination in Hainan Province was 70,069, 6,195 more than last year, a five-year high.

　　Candidates in the general examination room decide whether to wear masks or not.

　　Under the background of "Class B Management" in COVID-19, should I wear a mask for the college entrance examination this year?

　　In terms of epidemic prevention in the college entrance examination, the Ministry of Education released a message on June 1: The Ministry of Education, together with the National Health and Wellness Commission, the National Bureau of Disease Control and other departments, instructed all localities to thoroughly sum up past experience and practices, adhere to scientific and precise epidemic prevention, accurately implement the requirements of "Class B and Class B management", improve the plan, set up examination rooms according to different candidates’ conditions, prepare enough spare examination rooms and staff, do a good job in pre-examination health monitoring of candidates and staff, refine epidemic prevention measures, and issue examination epidemic prevention requirements in time.

　　On June 5th, it was mentioned in the "Ten Questions and Ten Answers of the 2023 College Entrance Examination" issued by the Ministry of Education that under the "Class B Management" measures for Covid-19 infection, candidates were advised to continue to do personal protection and be the first responsible person for their own health. Try to reduce gathering and mobility before the exam, and don’t go to crowded places. At the same time, adjust the psychological state, ensure a reasonable diet, adequate sleep, and do a good job of self-health monitoring. If you feel unwell, you should seek medical treatment in time, and beware of affecting the exam because of physical discomfort. For candidates with fever or sudden illness, there is no need to worry about panic. The test sites in various places have formulated corresponding plans.

　　That is to say, the Ministry of Education has not made a unified and rigid arrangement on whether to wear masks in the college entrance examination this year.

　　The Paper combed the relevant reminders issued before the national college entrance examination, and found that the relevant departments of many provinces and cities made it clear that the candidates in the general examination room could decide whether to wear masks after they entered the examination room.

　　On June 6th, the Beijing Municipal Education Commission issued a health warning for college entrance examination candidates, stating that all candidates and staff in the standby examination room should wear masks if they have respiratory symptoms such as fever and cough or other B-type respiratory infectious diseases. Other examination room candidates and examination staff can wear masks scientifically as needed.

　　On June 5th, the Emergency Guide for College Entrance Examination issued by Hubei Education Examinations Institute made it clear that after the candidates arrive at the test center, if the new crown tests positive or fever, they will report to the staff at the entrance of the test center, and the test center will arrange them to take the test in the standby examination room. Candidates in the alternate examination room wear masks throughout the examination.

　　Previously, the Center for Disease Control and Prevention in Shuangyashan City, Heilongjiang Province said that during the college entrance examination, except for special circumstances, candidates decided whether to wear masks.

　　The Admissions Examination Committee of Gejiu City, Yunnan Province stated that candidates in ordinary examination rooms decide whether to wear masks or not, and candidates in standby examination rooms are required to wear masks of medical surgery or above all the time.

　　The Education and Sports Bureau of Tongzi County, Guizhou Province said that candidates should wear disposable medical masks when entering and leaving the test center and examination room, and it is up to the candidates to decide whether to wear masks after entering the examination room.

　　The announcement issued by Guangxi Liuzhou Admissions Examination Institute mentioned that candidates should bring their own masks and consciously wear them before entering the test center and examination room; After entering the examination room, you can decide whether to wear a mask; After the exam, candidates should wear masks immediately and leave the examination room in an orderly manner according to the arrangement of the test center staff.

　　Many places are equipped with the "intelligent security gate" for the college entrance examination for the first time.

　　In this year’s college entrance examination, the Ministry of Education stressed that it is the top priority to prevent cheating on mobile phones, severely crack down on cheating on communication devices such as mobile phones, and encourage all localities to actively equip themselves with "smart security gates". Accordingly, stricter security measures for the college entrance examination have been introduced in various places this year, and many places have been equipped with the "intelligent security gate" for the college entrance examination for the first time.

　　The Paper noted that a few days ago, the "Warm Tips before the 2023 College Entrance Examination" issued by Beijing Education Examinations Institute mentioned that Beijing will take two security checks when entering the examination center and the examination room this year. In order to pass the security check smoothly and quickly, candidates are requested to leave their mobile phones with their parents or lead teachers for safekeeping before entering the examination center, and do not bring electronic devices such as mobile phones, smart watches and smart bracelets into the examination center, and try not to bring unnecessary metal objects (such as jewelry). If it is really necessary to bring non-test items outside the regulations into the test center, please obey the arrangement of the test center and store them in the designated location. Once a candidate brings a device with the function of sending or receiving information, such as a mobile phone, into the examination room, it will be considered as cheating in the examination, and his scores in all stages and subjects of the college entrance examination will be cancelled and recorded in the national education examination integrity file.

　　Yunnan Provincial Admissions Examination Institute reminded that the entrance examination candidates should implement "intelligent security gate+manual security check", and candidates should cooperate with security check and identity verification when entering the examination center. According to Kunming Daily, all examination rooms in Yunnan this year are standardized, and all test sites are equipped with intelligent security gates for the first time.

　　According to the news of Hunan Education Examinations Institute, this year’s college entrance examination in Hunan Province also adopted intelligent security gates for the first time, and 1030 intelligent security gates were added to the test sites of the college entrance examination in the province. This year’s college entrance examination strictly implements the rule that "mobile phones are not allowed to be brought into the examination center", and implements the "double security check" mode of intelligent security check and manual security check to prevent candidates and examinees from carrying communication equipment or other cheating tools into the examination room and examination workplace.

　　As mentioned in the warm reminder before the exam of Jiangxi Education Examinations Institute, according to the unified deployment and requirements of the Ministry of Education, Jiangxi Province has added a security gate to the entrance of the college entrance examination this year. Candidates who enter the examination center should take the initiative to accept the "intelligent security gate" and "manual" security checks twice. It is strictly forbidden for candidates to bring mobile phones and other equipment with the function of sending or receiving information, electronic storage and recording equipment, watches, correction fluids, correction tapes and other items or accessories into the examination center. On the day of the exam, candidates are advised not to bring their mobile phones and wear clothes with metal ornaments, so as not to affect the admission time.

　　Guangdong Education Examinations Institute requires that all test sites in the province will fully adopt the "2+1" entrance security inspection mode this year, that is, candidates must go through "two metal detectors+one intelligent security inspection door" when entering the examination room, and all items unrelated to the examination will be placed in the storage place of test sites. In order to ensure the timely, efficient and orderly admission, candidates should not bring anything unrelated to the exam, especially mobile phones and watches with wireless communication function.

　　Similarly, this year’s college entrance examination in Shandong Province will also comprehensively prevent mobile phone cheating, and strictly "2 manual security checks +1 intelligent security check". For the first time this year, all test sites in Hubei Province have been equipped with "intelligent security gates". Through the identity verification system, intelligent security gates and metal detectors, candidates are subject to three security checks at the test sites and examination rooms.

　　On June 10th, with the end of the college entrance examination in Beijing and Shandong, the national college entrance examination in 2023 officially came to an end. In the past few days, reporters have interviewed in many test sites, infected by the youthful vitality of the candidates, and moved by their beautiful expectations for the future. Having crossed the finish line of the college entrance examination, they have already stood on a new starting point in their lives, and the pace of pursuing their dreams will never stop.

　　to breast the tape

　　At 17: 00 on the 10th, with the bell ringing at the end of the last exam, the 2023 college entrance examination in Beijing, Shandong and other places came to an end, which means that the 2023 national college entrance examination ended.

　　As it was the last exam day, the reporter saw that there were many people gathered outside the test center, and many people held flowers and gifts in their hands. When they saw the candidates walking out of the examination room at a brisk pace, the parents couldn’t wait to meet the candidates and hug them. The crowd cheered and applauded from time to time.

　　"No matter how the child does in the exam, it is the pride of the mother." "The child grows up in a blink of an eye, and life is really an exam and then an exam." "I have been studying hard in the cold window for twelve years, hoping that my children can go to to be no.1." … … Some parents said.

　　On the afternoon of the 10th, at the test center of the middle school affiliated to Capital Normal University, Chen Yueqin, a civilized guide of Balizhuang Street in Haidian District, Beijing, was busy maintaining order while helping families in need to take photos. "Today, the college entrance examination has come to a successful conclusion, and I feel very happy to see the children happily walk out of the examination room." She said.

On June 10th, candidates took photos at the test center of the middle school affiliated to Capital Normal University. Xinhua News Agency reporter Zhao Weiwei photo

　　In 2023, the national college entrance examination began on June 7, but the end time varies from place to place. Among them, Shanxi, Anhui, Sichuan and other places ended on the 8 th, Fujian, Jiangsu, Hubei and other places ended on the 9 th, and Beijing, Tianjin and Shandong ended on the 10 th.

　　The college entrance examination has ended, and the service guarantee has temporarily come to an end. In the past few days, Jinan Public Security Bureau has continuously maintained the order of the examination room and its surrounding areas according to the standard that each test center is equipped with 10 police officers on duty, 10 police officers on patrol and 20 police officers in emergency.

　　Due to thunderstorms in Quanzhou, Nanping, Fuzhou and other places in Fujian during the college entrance examination, emergency plans were launched in various places, and police and auxiliary police officers took the rain to divert traffic, and cleared roadblocks in time to ensure the safe round-trip of candidates.

　　Stand on a new starting point

　　"The exam is over!" Yi Bofan of Class 7, Grade 3, No.24 Middle School, Anshan City, Liaoning Province flew out of the examination room. "My high school life has come to an end and it is also a new beginning!"

On June 9, in the test center of Haizhou Senior High School in Fuxin City, Liaoning Province, Xing Yutong, a candidate, embraced his father as a policeman on duty at the test center. Xinhua News Agency reporter Wang Ying photo

　　Just after this life exam, the candidates are telling their dreams and dreams for future planning — —

　　Liu Fangyi, from Class 11, Grade 3, Nankai Middle School, Tianjin, told the reporter that she wanted to use the holiday to do something that had been temporarily put on hold because of her study. "I want to visit the scenery of the West Lake with my parents, and I have plans to sort out my knowledge and take a driver’s license, so as to prepare for the coming university life."

　　"My hero aims far away." Xiong Wangyu, a boy from Class 6, Senior 3, County Changchi Middle School, Nanjiang, Bazhong City, Sichuan Province, said that he likes physics very much and wants to apply for the aerospace major, hoping to make some achievements in scientific research in the future.

　　Cheng Haoming, a middle school affiliated to Fujian Normal University, is more interested in computer or electrical engineering. "I have a certain understanding and interest in these directions in high school, and I also plan to make a plan for the university’s major in advance during the summer vacation, which is also helpful for my future life."

　　After the big exam, standing at the crossroads of choice, some candidates may be confused and anxious … …

　　"After the college entrance examination, candidates should maintain the basic routine in their daily life." Hu Lei, chief physician of Shandong Mental Health Center, said that parents should pay attention to their children’s psychological changes and communicate in time.

　　According to Xiao Longyun, a senior Chinese teacher at Yandaojie Middle School in Chengdu, this summer vacation is a transition period for students to formally enter the society, and they can get in touch with and know more about the society and participate in some social practice activities within their power.

　　Liu Ying, a teacher of No.13 Middle School in Anshan City, Liaoning Province, also suggested that under the premise of ensuring safety, candidates can go into communities and social welfare institutions to participate in voluntary service and public welfare activities, and increase their life experience while serving the society.

　　　Take the next step

　　After the college entrance examination, candidates and parents began to prepare for volunteering. All localities will make full use of information technology, carefully organize and carry out special consultation service activities for volunteering in the college entrance examination, and escort candidates to "take the next step".

　　Tianjin Education Admissions Examination Institute has developed a new college entrance examination volunteer assistance system for candidates and parents to use for free. Through this system, candidates can gradually focus on qualified and interested colleges and universities from thousands of colleges and universities, according to their actual situation and positioning, combined with their interests and hobbies, through conditional filtering, data comparison and screening attention.

　　In order to provide students with more guidance services for further studies, Sichuan Smart Recruitment Public Service Platform "College Entrance Examination" was officially launched in May this year. Students can use the "College Entrance Examination Pass" to conveniently query the results of college entrance examination, one-point table and admission results; The platform also has a "cloud recruitment" entrance, where students can obtain recruitment information and "cloud browsing" colleges and universities.

At the entrance of the examination center of the middle school affiliated to Fujian Normal University, the candidates walked out of the examination room. Xinhua News Agency reporter Deng Qianqian photo

　　Wang Huabei, vice president of Beijing Bayi School, reminded candidates to pay special attention to the preparatory work for volunteering. "First, do a good job in the preliminary work of volunteering, so that after the college entrance examination scores are announced, the selected institutions will be adjusted according to the scores published by the examination institute." All in all, she said, clear goals, clear positioning, various combinations and a clear idea.

　　"Students who fill in the college entrance examination volunteers can closely combine their personal interests with the development needs of the country, and choose the right schools and majors according to their personal achievements and personal hobbies." Xiao Longyun said.

　　From the end of the college entrance examination to the entrance of freshmen, cases such as telecom fraud and online fraud are frequent. The Anti-fraud Center of Jinan Public Security Bureau reminds candidates and parents that they should be on high alert and obtain formal scoring channels and enrollment information through schools or education departments. Once fraud is found or cheated, call the police in time. (Reporter Zhao Yuwei, Wu Xiaoying, Wang Ying, Zhang Jianxin, Xiao Haichuan, Deng Qianqian)